Packaging Iii-v Tandem Solar Cells for Practical Terrestrial Applications Achievable to 28 % of Module Efficiency by Conventional Machine Assemble Technology and Possibility of 500 X and Low Weight Hcpv for Space

A new concentrator receiver containing a 7 mm X 7 mm 3J concentrator solar cell with a 37.4 % peak efficiency was developed. The receiver design includes a homogenizer, heat handling (epoxy lamination) technologies and a low resistance soldered connection and can be applied to various concentrator optics, including dish systems. The outdoor efficiency with a combination of a plastic Fresnel lens, made by low-cost injection molding, reached 27 % on a hot summer day under 35.0 C ambient temperature without additional cooling. With this newly-developed receiver, mechanical engineers will be able to design their own concentrator module suitable for their environment, using their mechanical knowledge and local industrial resources.